آنتی دیپلماسی فوتبال ایران و ایالات متحده؛ نقش تقویت کننده تحریم‌های اقتصادسیاسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
رحیم زارع 1
مهدی شریعتی فیض ابادی 2
فرناندو دلگادو 3
1 استادیار گروه مدیریت گردشگری،دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.
2 گروه علوم انسانی، دانشگاه فنی و حرفه ای استان تهران، ایران
3 گروه جامعه شناسی، دانشگاه لمن، نیویورک، ایالات متحده
10.22034/ntsmj.2024.2030117.1021
چکیده
تقابل ایران و ایالات متحده در جام‌های جهانی فوتبال ۱۹۹۸ فرانسه و ۲۰۲۲ قطر، دو تجربه متفاوت و متمایز را برای جامعه ایرانی رقم زد؛ هدف از پژوهش حاضر تحلیل تماتیک آنتی دیپلماسی فوتبال ایران و ایالات متحده با نقش تقویت کننده تحریم‌های اقتصادسیاسی این کشور علیه ایران بود. جامعه آماری شامل پژوهش خبرگان حوزه روابط بین‌الملل و مدیریت ورزشی بود که با توجه به ماهیت پژوهش ۱۴ نفر به عنوان نمونه آماری انتخاب و نمونه‌گیری تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری به شکل هدفمند ادامه داشت. ابزار مطالعه مصاحبه نیمه ساختار یافته با استفاده از روش براون و کلارک (۲۰۲۳) بود که در نهایت به استخراج ۱۸کد و ۴ تم اصلی منجر گردید؛ در ادامه هر یک از مفاهیم توسط نمونه مطالعاتی در مقیاس ۵ ارزشی وزن دهی که به ترتیب مفاهیم مالی (۲۷/۴)،‌ ‌زیرساخت‌ها (۲۵/۴)، فنی (۱۷/۴) و ارتباطات (۱۲/۴) به ترتیب مهمترین اثرات تحریمی بر تقویت آنتی دیپلماسی فوتبال میان ایران و ایالات متحده بودند. با توجه به یافته‌های پژوهش و احتمال اولین حضور رسمی فوتبالیست‌های ایرانی در جام جهانی ۲۰۲۶ ایالات متحده، کانادا و مکزیک،‌ می‌توان اذعان کرد فوتبال به عنوان یک درشت مولفه در تعاملات اقتصادسیاسی دو کشور،‌ در صورت تقویت تحریم‌ها با چالش‌ها و آسیب‌های متعدد و متنوعی در عرصه بین‌الملل مواجه که در نهایت موجبات قربانی شدن دیپلماسی فوتبال در این رابطه خواهد شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
ایالات متحده
جام جهانی فوتبال
فوتبالیست
ایران

عنوان مقاله English

Anti-Diplomacy Football of Iran and US; the Empowering role of Political Economy Embargos

نویسندگان English

Rahim Zare 1
Mahdi Shariati Feizabadi 2
Fernando Delgado 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Tourism Management, School of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Human Sciences, Technical and Vocational University, Tehran, Iran
3 Deputy Division Chief at the Resource Management and Policy Coordination Division of the IMF's Institute for Capacity Development (IDC), USA, responsible for Coordination and funding of the IMF technical assistance in macroeconomic frameworks to
چکیده English

The confrontation between Iran and the United States in the 1998 France and 2022 Qatar World Cups marked two different and distinct experiences for the Iranian society; The aim of the current research was to analyze the thematic anti-diplomacy of football between Iran and the United States with the role of strengthening the economic and political embargos of this country against Iran. The statistical population included the research of experts in the field of international relations and sports management, which according to the nature of the research, 14 people were selected as a statistical sample and sampling continued until reaching theoretical saturation in the form of a snowball. The study tool was a semi-structured interview using the method of Brown and Clark (2023), which finally led to the extraction of 18 codes and 4 main themes. The findings showed that financial concepts (4.27), infrastructures (4.25), technical concepts (4.17) and communications (4.12) were the most important effects of embargos on strengthening football anti-diplomacy between Iran, respectively and the United States. According to the findings of the research and the possibility of the first official appearance of Iranian football players in the 2026 World Cup in the United States, Canada and Mexico, it can be acknowledged that football is a major component in the economic and political interactions of the two countries, in case the embargos are strengthened are faced with numerous and diverse challenges and injuries in the international arena, which will eventually cause football diplomacy to become a victim in this regard.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Middle East
Football Player
FIFA World Cup
United States
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رویکردهایی نوین در مدیریت ورزشی
دوره 12، شماره 45 - شماره پیاپی 45
تابستان
تابستان 1403
صفحه 1-15