الگوی جامع دیپلماسی ورزشی فرماندهی انتظامی جمهوری اسلامی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه تربیت بدنی و مدیریت ورزشی دانشگاه علوم انتظامی امین
2 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی دانشگاه تهران
10.22034/ntsmj.2024.2030426.1027
چکیده
مقدمه:
دیپلماسی مهمترین شاخصه سیاست خارجی کشورهاست که در طول تاریخ ظهور دولت ها، تحولات گوناگونی در شکل، محتوا و ساختار آن پدید آمده است. با ظهور و گسترش رسانه ­ها و شکسته شدن مرزهای جغرافیایی، تحول مفهومی شگرفی در شکل و معنای دیپلماسی پدیدار شده است. از این رو هدف پژوهش حاضر طراحی الگوی جامع دیپلماسی ورزش فراجا  بود.
روش پژوهش:
پژوهش حاضر از پژوهش­ های کاربردی بوده که با رویکرد کیفی و به روش داده­ بنیاد صورت پذیرفته است، جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل مسئولان وزارت ورزش و جوانان، اساتید علوم ورزشی، کارشناسان وزارت امور خارجه، مدیران ارشد نیروهای مسلح و فراجا که آگاه به امور دیپلماسی عمومی و ورزشی بوده­اند و قهرمانان و نخبگان ورزش فراجا با سابقه حضور در رویدادهای بین ­المللی، بوده است؛ نمونه ­های آماری به روش هدفمند گزینش شدند که پس از انجام مصاحبه و رسیدن به اشباع نظری تعداد 16 مصاحبه به عنوان منبع پژوهش حاضر انتخاب گردید. ابزار این پژوهش مصاحبه نیمه­ ساختاریافته بوده است، به منظور سنجش روایی پژوهش حاضر از روش اطمینان پذیری و تعمیم پذیری و به منظور سنجش پایایی از روش توافق درون­ موضوعی استفاده گردید. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها جهت کدگذاری باز، کدگذاری محوری و کدگذاری گزینشی از رویکرد کیفی گراندد تئوری یا نظریه داده بنیاد استفاده گردید.
یافته ها:
براساس نتایج تحقیق 245 کد مستخرج تحت 31، مقوله اصلی در قالب ابعاد شش گانه مدل پارادایمی شامل عوامل علی (5 مفهوم)، عوامل زمینه ­ای (6 مفهوم)، عوامل مداخله­ گر (6 مفهوم)، راهبردها (6 مفهوم) و پیامدها (8 مفهوم) شناسایی گردیدند؛
بحث و نتیجه گیری:
نظریه پیشنهادی محقق بدین صورت تبیین گردید، دیپلماسی ورزشی فراجا با امکان ارتباطات بین­ المللی، ظرفیت بالقوه بسیاری جهت ایجاد صلح و دوستی از طریق ورزش در داخل و خارج از کشور در راستای توسعه دیپلماسی نظام جمهوری اسلامی ایران داشته، لذا اهمیت بخشی، آموزش، سرمایه ­گذاری و برنامه­ ریزی در این مقوله ابزاری کارآمد به منظور توسعه دیپلماسی عمومی، دیپلماسی نظامی و حفظ و برقراری امنیت در جامعه خواهد بود.

 
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Comprehensive sports diplomacy model for Iran's Police

نویسندگان English

Gholamreza Moradi Siasar 1
akbar bakhtiyari babapiri 2
1 Assistant Professor of Sport Management at Amin University
2 PhD Student of sports Management a the University of Tehran
چکیده English

Extended Abstract
Introduction
Diplomacy is the most important indicator of the foreign policy of countries, which has undergone various changes in its form, content and structure during the history of the emergence of governments. With the emergence and spread of media and the breaking of geographical borders, a tremendous conceptual change has occurred in the form and meaning of diplomacy. Therefore, the aim of the current research was to design a comprehensive model of sports diplomacy in Faraja.
Methods
The current research is applied research that was conducted with a qualitative approach and Grounded theory method. Armed and Faraja, who were aware of public diplomacy and sports matters, and Faraja sports champions and elites with a history of attending international events; The research conducted by this study includes officials from the Ministry of Sports and Youth, professors of sports science, Ministry of Foreign Affairs experts, senior managers of the armed forces and Faraja, as well as Faraja sports champions and elites who have attended international events. The sample population was selected purposefully, and after conducting interviews and reaching theoretical saturation, 16 interviews were selected as the source for the current research. The tool used for this research was a semi-structured interview, and to measure the validity of the study, the method of reliability and generalizability was used. To measure reliability, the method of intra-subject agreement was used. The grounded theory qualitative approach was used to analyze the data, and the data was coded using open coding, axial coding, and selective coding.
Results
Based on the research results of 245 extracted codes under 31, the main category in the form of six dimensions of the paradigm model including causal factors (5 concepts), background factors (6 concepts), intervening factors (6 concepts), strategies (6 concepts) and consequences (8 concepts) were identified;
Conclusion
The proposed theory of the researcher was explained in this way, sports diplomacy with the possibility of international communication has a lot of potential capacity to create peace and friendship through sports inside and outside the country in line with the development of diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Investment and planning in this category will be an efficient tool for developing public diplomacy, and military diplomacy and maintaining and establishing security in society.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Diplomacy
Foreign policy
International sports
Public diplomacy
References
1. Abdi K, Talebpour M, Fullerton J, Ranjkesh MJ, Jabbari Nooghabi H. Converting sports diplomacy to diplomatic outcomes: Introducing a sports diplomacy model. International area studies review. 2018 Dec;21(4):365-81.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2233865918808058
2. Bakhshi Chenari, A. Gudarzi, M. Sajjadi, N. The role of sports diplomacy in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. New approaches in sports management. 2019; 7 (26): 21-36 (In Persian).
3. Bakhtiari Babapiri, A Alidoust Ghafarakhi, I. Jalali Farahani, M. The reasons for the failure of Iranian football clubs in the Asian Champions League [MSc Thesis]. Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Tehran;2017 (In Persian).
4. Baran Cheshmeh MA, Safania AM, Bagherian Farahabadi M, Naqshbandi S. Compilation Framework of Sport Diplomacy Development in Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces. Research in Sport Management and Motor Behavior. 2020 Nov 10;10(20):174-202. (In Persian).
5. Côme, T. Raspaud, M. “Sport’s diplomacy: A strategic challenge for Qatar”. Hermès, La Revue. 2018; 2: 75-169.
6. De-San-Eugenio, J. Ginesta, X. Xifra, J. Peace, sports diplomacy and corporate social responsibility: A case study of Football Club Barcelona Peace Tour 2013. Soccer & Society. 2017;18 (7): 48-836.
7. Dichter, H, L. ed. Soccer Diplomacy: International Relations and Football since 1914. University Press of Kentucky, 2020.
8. Dubinsky, Y. Soft power to sports diplomacy: A theoretical and conceptual discussion. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy. Journal of Global Sport Management. 2019; 15(3): 64-156.
9. Eltiayaminia, R. Mohammadi A. Subsequent and accelerating role of sports in providing conditions of peace between governments. International Political Research Quarterly. 2015; 22, 179-149.
10. Garamvölgyi, B. Begović, M. Dóczi, T. Sport diplomacy in hybrid regimes: The cases of Hungary and Montenegro. Journal of Global Sport Management. 2021; pp: 1-18.
11.    Grix, J. Houlihan, B. Sports mega‐events as part of a nation's soft power strategy: The cases of Germany (2006) and the UK (2012). The British Journal of Politics & International Relations. 2015; 16(4): 572-596.
12.    Jankovic S. Enhancing international dispute settlement: the role of sports diplomacy. International Journal of Diplomacy and Economy. 2017; 3 (3): 78- 364.
13.    Jarvie, G. Murray S, Macdonald, S. Promoting Scotland, diplomacy and influence through sport. Scottish Affairs 2017; 26(1): 1-22.
14.    Kobierecki M. “Ping–Pong Diplomacy and its Legacy in the American Foreign Policy”. Polish Political Science Yearbook 2016; 45(1):16-304.
15.    Kobierecki, M. The commonwealth games as an example of bringing states closer through sport”.  Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research. 2017; 73(1): 36-43.
16.    Mahanta, K. Deshpande, M. Sports Diplomacy and International relation: A case study of India. Journal of Politics & International Relations. 2019; 12(8): 36-57.
17.    Martynenko, S. Trusova, A. Cherniaev M. Ping-Pong Diplomacy: Impact on the Establishment of Sino-US Relations. Vestnik RUDN. International Relations. 2019; 19(1): 47- 139.
18. Mousavi Zare, S. Zarkani, S. Amirfakhrian, M. Designing the soft power measurement model of the countries of the world". Geography Quarterly. 2021; 20 (75): 165-190 (In Persian).
19.    Park M. Long Shot: The Prospects and Limitations of Sports and Celebrity Athlete Diplomacy in Media. The French Journal of Media Studies. 2017; 19(6). [ DOI: 10.29252/JR].
20.    Peyman Far, M. Elahi, A. Sajjadpour, M. Explaining Sports Diplomacy Using Paradigm Model: A Qualitative Study. Sports Management Journal. 2018; 11 (1): 59-75. (In Persian).
21.    Porteux, J. Choi K. Hallyu as sports diplomacy and prestige building. Culture and Empathy. Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research. 2018; 1(1-4): 70-87.
22.    Postlethwaite V, Jenkin C, Sherry E. A gendered focused review of sports diplomacy. The Routledge handbook of gender politics in sport and physical activity. 2022B Jul 29:137-48.
23.    Postlethwaite, V. Jenkin, C. R. Sherry, E. Sport diplomacy: an integrative review, Sport Management Review 2022A; 3(26): 361-382.
24.    Rasekh, N, Javadipour, M. The role of sports and the development of sports diplomacy in advancing social, cultural and foreign relations policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Journal of Sports Management. 2017, 1 (4): 599-604 (In Persian).
25.    Shari'i, M. Gudarzi, M. SEM structural modeling of sports diplomacy components in the development of international relations of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Journal of New Approaches in Sports Management. 2016; 5 (16): 104-89 (In Persian).
26.    Siburian, E. Afriansyah, A. Sport diplomacy and state sovereignty: case study on INDONESIA’S effort to guard the sovereignty of papua. Yustisia Jurnal Hukum. 2018; 7(1): 58-84.
27.    Yamamoto, M. Development of the sporting nation: sport as a strategic area of national policy in Japan. International journal of sport policy and politics. 2012; 4 (2): 96-277.
28.    Yani, D. sports diplomacy as the alternative of reconciliation for SOUTH KOREA-NORTH KOREA and the prospect of reunification. Studies and Research. 2016; 73(1): 36-43.