Analysis of the decision-making approach based on Carnegie's model in Asian elite futsal and football referees

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Ramin Iraji Noghondar 1
Hamin Ghasemi 2
Abolfazl Farahani 3
1 Ph.D Sport Management Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor of Sport Management, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor of Sport Management at Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
10.22034/ntsmj.2024.2029973.1016
Abstract
The aim of this research was to analyze the decision-making approach based on Carnegie's model in Asian elite football and futsal referees. The research method is descriptive and survey type, which was implemented in the field. The statistical population of this research included elite football and futsal referees in Asia, among whom 292 respondents participated in the research. In order to collect data, a researcher-made decision-making questionnaire based on the Carnegie model was used, the validity of which was obtained by the corrective opinions of 12 sports management experts, and its reliability was obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.82. Descriptive indices (prevalence and frequency percentage) and Kolmogorov Smironov tests, One-Way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, Friedman and path analysis were used in statistical software SPSS version 16 and EQS version 6.2 for data analysis. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the decision-making of Asian elite soccer and futsal referees with age and experience of refereeing. Also, the difference in decision-making performance between football referees and assistant referees is significant, so that football assistant referees have higher average scores. On the other hand, individual factors (β=0.87, T-Value=19.12) and organizational factors (β=0.83, T-Value=17.06) had a positive and significant effect on judges' decision making. Also, the results showed that the order of priority in the judges' decision-making is individual and organizational. Therefore, it is suggested that elite referees feel close and have a strong bond with various environmental and organizational factors around them, so that by attracting their support, they can increase the level of individual and organizational decision-making performance.
Keywords
Judging
responsibility
performance
competition
sports rules
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